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Cajuns are an ethnic group mainly living in Louisiana, consisting of the descendants of Acadian exiles (French-speaking settlers from
Acadia or Nova Scotia, in the maritime provinces of what is now Canada). Today, the Cajuns make up a significant portion of south
Louisiana's population, and have exerted an enormous impact on the state's culture.
Acadia consisted mainly of present-day Nova Scotia, and included parts of eastern Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and modern-day
Maine. The origin of the designation Acadia is credited to the explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano, who on his sixteenth century map
applied the ancient Greek name "Arcadia" to the entire Atlantic coast north of Virginia. "Arcadia" derives from the Arcadia district in
Greece which since Classical antiquity had the extended meanings of "refuge" or "idyllic place". The Dictionary of Canadian Biography
says: "In the 17th century Champlain fixed its present orthography, with the 'r' omitted, and (the Canadian historian) W.F.Ganong has
shown its gradual progress northwards, in a succession of maps, to its resting place in the Atlantic Provinces."
The Cajuns retain a unique dialect of the French language and numerous other cultural traits that distinguish them as an ethnic group.
Cajuns were officially recognized by the U.S. government as a national ethnic group in 1980 per a discrimination lawsuit filed in federal
district court. Presided over by Judge Edwin Hunter, the case, known as Roach v. Dresser Industries Valve and Instrument Division,
hinged on the issue of the Cajuns' ethnicity. Significantly, Judge Hunter held in his ruling that:
“ We conclude that plaintiff is protected by Title VII's ban on national origin discrimination. The Louisiana Acadian (Cajun) is alive and
well. He is 'up front' and 'main stream.' He is not asking for any special treatment. By affording coverage under the 'national origin'
clause of Title VII he is afforded no special privilege. He is given only the same protection as those with English, Spanish, French,
Iranian, Portuguese, Mexican, Italian, Irish, et al., ancestors. ”

The Flag of Louisiana's Cajun community
Adopted by Louisiana Legislature in 1974
as the official flag of the Acadiana region.